解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Early mouse development is accompanied by dynamic changes in chromatin modifications, including G9a-mediated histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2), which is essential for embryonic development. Here we show that genome-wide accumulation of H3K9me2 is crucial for postimplantation development, and coincides with r...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09571
更新日期:2015-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::Differentiation of cellular lineages is facilitated by asymmetric segregation of fate determinants between dividing cells. In budding yeast, various aging factors segregate to the aging (mother)-lineage, with poorly understood consequences. In this study, we show that yeast mother cells form a protein aggregate during...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.06197
更新日期:2015-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Responses of sensory neurons represent stimulus information, but are also influenced by internal state. For example, when monkeys direct their attention to a visual stimulus, the response gain of specific subsets of neurons in visual cortex changes. Here, we develop a functional model of population activity to investi...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08998
更新日期:2015-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::Clustering of receptors associated with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) initiates the macrophage antimicrobial response. ITAM receptors engage Src-family tyrosine kinases (SFKs) to initiate phagocytosis and macrophage activation. Macrophages also encounter nonpathogenic molecules that cluster r...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09183
更新日期:2015-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::T follicular helper cells (Tfh) are critical for the longevity and quality of antibody-mediated protection against infection. Yet few signaling pathways have been identified to be unique solely to Tfh development. ROQUIN is a post-transcriptional repressor of T cells, acting through its ROQ domain to destabilize mRNA ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08698
更新日期:2015-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Zebra finches communicate with each other in ways that are more complex than previously thought. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11665
更新日期:2015-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Epicardial cells on the heart's surface give rise to coronary artery smooth muscle cells (caSMCs) located deep in the myocardium. However, the differentiation steps between epicardial cells and caSMCs are unknown as are the final maturation signals at coronary arteries. Here, we use clonal analysis and lineage tracing...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10036
更新日期:2015-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::Some DNA viruses overcome plant defenses by producing a suppressor protein that blocks the silencing of viral genes. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11509
更新日期:2015-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Our understanding of the antigen presentation pathway has recently been enhanced with the identification that the tapasin-related protein TAPBPR is a second major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-specific chaperone. We sought to determine whether, like tapasin, TAPBPR can also influence MHC class I peptide sel...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09617
更新日期:2015-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Purkinje neurons are central to cerebellar function and show membrane bistability when recorded in vitro or in vivo under anesthesia. The existence of bistability in vivo in awake animals is disputed. Here, by recording intracellularly from Purkinje neurons in unanesthetized larval zebrafish (Danio rerio), we unequivo...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09158
更新日期:2015-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::Learning to perform a complex motor task requires the optimization of specific behavioral features to cope with task constraints. We show that when mice learn a novel motor paradigm they differentially refine specific behavioral features. Animals trained to perform progressively faster sequences of lever presses to ob...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09423
更新日期:2015-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::Perforin-2 (MPEG1) is a pore-forming, antibacterial protein with broad-spectrum activity. Perforin-2 is expressed constitutively in phagocytes and inducibly in parenchymal, tissue-forming cells. In vitro, Perforin-2 prevents the intracellular replication and proliferation of bacterial pathogens in these cells. Perfori...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.06508
更新日期:2015-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::TFIID-a complex of TATA-binding protein (TBP) and TBP-associated factors (TAFs)-is a central component of the Pol II promoter recognition apparatus. Recent studies have revealed significant downregulation of TFIID subunits in terminally differentiated myocytes, hepatocytes and adipocytes. Here, we report that TBP prot...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08536
更新日期:2015-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::Chemosensory neurons extract information about chemical cues from the environment. How is the activity in these sensory neurons transformed into behavior? Using Caenorhabditis elegans, we map a novel sensory neuron circuit motif that encodes odor concentration. Primary neurons, AWC(ON) and AWA, directly detect the foo...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10181
更新日期:2015-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent illness that can be precipitated by acute or chronic stress. Studies of patients with Wolfram syndrome and carriers have identified Wfs1 mutations as causative for MDD. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is known to be involved in depression and behavioral resilience, al...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08752
更新日期:2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse GnT1IP-L, and membrane-bound GnT1IP-S (MGAT4D) expressed in cultured cells inhibit MGAT1, the N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that initiates the synthesis of hybrid and complex N-glycans. However, it is not known where in the secretory pathway GnT1IP-L inhibits MGAT1, nor whether GnT1IP-L inhibits other N-glycan...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08916
更新日期:2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::More than 1500 fossils from the Rising Star cave system in South Africa have been assigned to a new human species, Homo naledi, which displays a unique combination of primitive and derived traits throughout the skeleton. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10627
更新日期:2015-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Grid cells in the brain respond when an animal occupies a periodic lattice of 'grid fields' during navigation. Grids are organized in modules with different periodicity. We propose that the grid system implements a hierarchical code for space that economizes the number of neurons required to encode location with a giv...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08362
更新日期:2015-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::The controversy surrounding 'gain-of-function' experiments on high-consequence avian influenza viruses has highlighted the role of ferret transmission experiments in studying the transmission potential of novel influenza strains. However, the mapping between influenza transmission in ferrets and in humans is unsubstan...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07969
更新日期:2015-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic techniques have shed new light on the organization of the neurons in the ventral nervous system of the fruit fly. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10317
更新日期:2015-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::TCF/LEF factors are ancient context-dependent enhancer-binding proteins that are activated by β-catenin following Wnt signaling. They control embryonic development and adult stem cell compartments, and their dysregulation often causes cancer. β-catenin-dependent transcription relies on the NPF motif of Pygo proteins. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09073
更新日期:2015-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::D2 autoreceptors regulate dopamine release throughout the brain. Two isoforms of the D2 receptor, D2S and D2L, are expressed in midbrain dopamine neurons. Differential roles of these isoforms as autoreceptors are poorly understood. By virally expressing the isoforms in dopamine neurons of D2 receptor knockout mice, th...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09358
更新日期:2015-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::To initiate DNA replication, cells first load an MCM helicase double hexamer at origins in a reaction requiring ORC, Cdc6, and Cdt1, also called pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) assembly. The essential mechanistic role of Cdc6 ATP hydrolysis in this reaction is still incompletely understood. Here, we show that althoug...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.05795
更新日期:2015-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial division, essential for survival in mammals, is enhanced by an inter-organellar process involving ER tubules encircling and constricting mitochondria. The force for constriction is thought to involve actin polymerization by the ER-anchored isoform of the formin protein inverted formin 2 (INF2). Unknown i...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08828
更新日期:2015-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Actin filaments assemble inside the nucleus in response to multiple cellular perturbations, including heat shock, protein misfolding, integrin engagement, and serum stimulation. We find that DNA damage also generates nuclear actin filaments-detectable by phalloidin and live-cell actin probes-with three characteristic ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07735
更新日期:2015-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Malaria infection starts with injection of Plasmodium sporozoites by an Anopheles mosquito into the skin of the mammalian host. How sporozoites locate and enter a blood vessel is a critical, but poorly understood process. In this study, we examine sporozoite motility and their interaction with dermal blood vessels, us...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07789
更新日期:2015-08-13 00:00:00
abstract::Although pain is a common symptom of various diseases and disorders, its contribution to disease pathogenesis is not well understood. Here we show using murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model for multiple sclerosis (MS), that pain induces EAE relapse. Mechanistic analysis showed that pain indu...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08733
更新日期:2015-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::Signals delivered by costimulatory molecules are implicated in driving T cell expansion. The requirements for these signals, however, vary from dispensable to essential in different infections. We examined the underlying mechanisms of this differential T cell costimulation dependence and found that the viral context d...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07486
更新日期:2015-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::Swi2/Snf2 ATPases remodel substrates such as nucleosomes and transcription complexes to control a wide range of DNA-associated processes, but detailed structural information on the ATP-dependent remodeling reactions is largely absent. The single subunit remodeler Mot1 (modifier of transcription 1) dissociates TATA box...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07432
更新日期:2015-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer prevention is predicted to result in more positive therapeutic outcomes than post-diagnostic interventions, and so may be a viable option for future personalized medicine. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09713
更新日期:2015-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::A pair of neurons is required for nematodes to be able to navigate using the Earth's magnetic field. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09666
更新日期:2015-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::RNA-protein (RNP) granules have been proposed to assemble by forming solid RNA/protein aggregates or through phase separation into a liquid RNA/protein phase. Which model describes RNP granules in living cells is still unclear. In this study, we analyze P bodies in budding yeast and find that they have liquid-like pro...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.06807
更新日期:2015-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::Homologous recombination is widespread and catalyzes evolution. Nonetheless, its existence in animal mitochondrial DNA is questioned. We designed selections for recombination between co-resident mitochondrial genomes in various heteroplasmic Drosophila lines. In four experimental settings, recombinant genomes became t...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07247
更新日期:2015-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology seeks to address growing concerns about reproducibility in scientific research by conducting replications of selected experiments from a number of high-profile papers in the field of cancer biology. The papers, which were published between 2010 and 2012, were selected on the...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07420
更新日期:2015-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::The canonical action of the p85α regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is to associate with the p110α catalytic subunit to allow stimuli-dependent activation of the PI3K pathway. We elucidate a p110α-independent role of homodimerized p85α in the positive regulation of PTEN stability and activity. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.06866
更新日期:2015-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::When a female fly mates it produces a hormone that increases the size of its midgut and enhances fat metabolism in order to provide the energy needed for reproduction. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09556
更新日期:2015-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary metabolites have a great potential as pharmaceuticals, but there are only a few examples where regulation of gene cluster expression has been correlated with ecological and physiological relevance for the producer. Here, signals, mediators, and biological effects of terrein production were studied in the fun...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07861
更新日期:2015-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Prp3 is an essential U4/U6 di-snRNP-associated protein whose functions and molecular mechanisms in pre-mRNA splicing are presently poorly understood. We show by structural and biochemical analyses that Prp3 contains a bipartite U4/U6 di-snRNA-binding region comprising an expanded ferredoxin-like fold, which recognizes...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07320
更新日期:2015-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Neural computations underlying cognitive functions require calibration of the strength of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic connections and are associated with modulation of gamma frequency oscillations in network activity. However, principles relating gamma oscillations, synaptic strength and circuit computations ar...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.06444
更新日期:2015-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::Mutant KRAS colorectal cancer (CRC) cells release protein-laden exosomes that can alter the tumor microenvironment. To test whether exosomal RNAs also contribute to changes in gene expression in recipient cells, and whether mutant KRAS might regulate the composition of secreted microRNAs (miRNAs), we compared small RN...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07197
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00